Plasmodium vivax Transmission to Cattle in A  Malaria Endemic Area in Jayapura Regency,  Indonesia

Didik Sumanto; Irfanul Chakim; Dolfinus Yufu Bouway; Desi Maria Paula Injonggrang; Catur Wulandari

Didik Sumanto Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia
Irfanul Chakim Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia
Dolfinus Yufu Bouway Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura, Indonesia.
Desi Maria Paula Injonggrang Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura, Indonesia.
Catur Wulandari Clinical Laboratory, Regional Public Hospital of Abepura, Jayapura, Indonesia

Keywords: Bovine Blood, h-Plasmodium, Malaria, P. vivax, RDT, StandaReagent™

Abstract

Background: It is not enough to study malaria incidence in the community from a human perspective alone. It must involve environmental aspects and potential animal hosts for the human-Plasmodium (h-Plasmodium) parasite. The behaviour of some zoophilic Anopheles species that like to suck animal blood is a concern for all. Empirical evidence of parasite transmission from Anopheles to domestic animals is crucial to the study. Specific markers for the presence of h-Plasmodium in the erythrocytic phase are the appearance of the enzymes histidine-rich protein and parasite lactate dehydrogenase. This study aimed to track the presence of h-Plasmodium by detecting HRP-2 and pLDH in cattle.

Method: An exploratory observational study was conducted in Kemtuk Gresi District and Nimboran District in Jayapura Regency. Blood samples were taken from 30 cows from the jugular vein in the neck, and tested using StandaReagent™ RDT of malaria for P. falciparum and P. vivax.

Results: Most of the samples did not contain h-Plasmodium (93.33%), but two cows were found to be positively infected with P. vivax from both districts (6.67%). This suggests that the zoophilic Anopheles mosquito might have transmitted the parasite to the cattle.

Conclusion: Cattle can be infected with h-Plasmodium as evidenced by the detection of P. vivax lactate dehydrogenase (PvLDH) in the samples and have the potential to be a reservoir for malaria transmission.

How to cite this article:
Sumanto D, Chakim I, Bouway DY, Injonggrang DMP, Wulandari C. Plasmodium vivax Transmission to Cattle in A Malaria Endemic Area in Jayapura Regency, Indonesia. J Commun Dis. 2023;55(2):83-90.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202329

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