The Complex Interplay: Hepatitis B, HIV/AIDS And Erectile Dysfunction - A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Erectile dysfunction (ED) represents a significant health concern affecting approximately 30
million men in the United States alone, with prevalence increasing substantially with age. While
often viewed primarily as a condition affecting quality of life, ED frequently serves as a sentinel
marker for underlying systemic disorders. The relationship between chronic viral infections—
particularly Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)—and sexual
dysfunction has gained increasing attention in recent years due to their profound impacts on
multiple body systems. These infections can influence erectile function through direct
physiological mechanisms, medication side effects, and significant psychological burden.
Patients with chronic viral infections face unique challenges regarding sexual health that extend
beyond the physical manifestations of disease. The stigma associated with both viral conditions
and sexual dysfunction creates substantial barriers to seeking appropriate care. Additionally, the
complex interplay between psychological responses to chronic disease and organic pathways of
erectile dysfunction presents challenges for comprehensive management.
This review aims to synthesize current understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology,
classification, and management of erectile dysfunction in the context of HBV and HIV coinfection,
with particular attention to both organic and psychological factors contributing to this condition.