Malaria Outbreak and its Management in Hardoi District of Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Introduction: Uttar Pradesh is endemic for vector-borne diseases (VBD) like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis (JE), Kala- azar, and lymphatic filariasis. Malaria, JE, and dengue are epidemic- prone, claiming lives during outbreaks. In September 2023, a malaria outbreak in Hardoi district caused numerous deaths due to favourable geo-climatic conditions for vector and parasite transmission. NCVBDC guidelines are crucial for controlling these diseases.
Methods: A team of officers from the Regional Office for Health & Family Welfare (under the National Centre for Vector Borne Disease Control), Lucknow visited the Hardoi district of Uttar Pradesh in September 2023 to assess the various factors responsible for the fever/ malaria outbreak and guide and support the district health authorities for proper implementation of the various intervention measures to contain it.
Results: The detailed investigations revealed an SPR value of 33.99% and an SFR value of 35.48% and exhibited a multifold increase in malaria cases, though the district data reflected a 4-fold rise in malaria positives in 2023 over preceding years and a 6-fold increase in Plasmodium falciparum cases in CHC Ahirori. Similarly, SPR and SFR values of 39.24% and 26.58%, respectively, were seen in CHC Tadiyawan. These values confirmed and reflected indigenous transmission of malaria cases in both CHC areas.
Conclusion: The sharp rise in malaria cases confirmed the outbreak, with deaths suspected but not confirmed as malaria-related. The outbreak was attributed to excessive rainfall, inadequate vector/disease surveillance due to insufficient health workers, poor lab facilities, and delayed interventions. RDT screenings showed high positivity for Plasmodium vivax (Pv) and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), though no fever-related deaths were confirmed as malaria. Corrective actions were recommended to district health authorities to contain the outbreak.
How to cite this article:
Giri D N, Keshari N, Negi H, Chandra R, Kamal S.
Malaria Outbreak and its Management in Hardoi
District of Uttar Pradesh, India. J Commun Dis.
2024;56(3):111-118.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202455
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