Efficacy of Balance Training in Improving Postural Control and Balance in Individuals with Down Syndrome: A Literature Review

Olusola A. Akinpelu; Adebukola O. Olaleye

Olusola A. Akinpelu Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Adebukola O. Olaleye Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Keywords: Cardiometabolic, Muscle Strength, Proprioception, Obesity, Resistance Training, Postural Balance, Down Syndrome

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A genetic condition known as Down syndrome causes intellectual deficiency, development delay, and typical craniofacial traits. Problems with laterality, visual motor control, reaction time, strength, and balance are common in people with Down syndrome.

PURPOSE: The objective of this research was to evaluate the impacts of exercise training on the strength as well as balance of children with Down syndrome.

METHODS: A literature review using the meta-analyses (PRISMA), with a focus on the years 2007 through 2018, was conducted. PUBMED and Google Scholar are the databases used for article searches.

RESULTS: The recommended exercises were found to be effective in developing the static balance of kids and the static-dynamic balance of kids and teens with Down syndrome.

CONCLUSION: The strength and balance of kids with Down syndrome have the potential to be enhanced with a specific exercise regimen.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202615

How to cite this article:
Olaleye A O, Akinpelu O A. Efficacy of Balance Training in Improving Postural Control and Balance in Individuals with Down Syndrome: A Literature Review. Epidem Int. 2026;11(3):23-28.

References

Zulfiqar H, Rehman HM, Razzaq A, Nisa ZU, Hina M, Bashir H, Saeed H. Effect Of Core Stability Exercises and Balance Training in Postural Control Among Children with Down Syndrome: Stability Exercises and Balance Training in Postural Control Among Children. Pakistan BioMedical Journal. 2022 Jul 31:18-22

Mann S, Spiric J, Mitchell C, Hilgenkamp TI. Development of a Physical Therapy-Based Exercise Program for Adults with Down Syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023 Feb 18;20(4):3667.

Barnard M, Swanepoel M, Ellapen TJ, Paul Y, Hammill HV. The health benefits of exercise therapy for patients with Down syndrome: A systematic review. African Journal of Disability. 2019 Feb 19;8(1):1-9.

Lin HC, Wuang YP. Strength and agility training in adolescents with Down syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Research in developmental disabilities. 2012 Nov 1;33(6):2236-44.

Maïano C, Hue O, Lepage G, Morin AJ, Tracey D, Moullec G. Do exercise interventions improve balance for children and adolescents with Down syndrome? A systematic review. Physical therapy. 2019 May 1;99(5):507-18