Chettinad Health City Medical Journal (E-2278-2044 & P-2277-8845)

Sarcopenic Obesity among the Elderly: Bridging Nutrition Gaps

2026-04-08T13:10:22+00:00

The global demographic shift toward an ageing population has brought sarcopenic obesity, the coexistence of age-related muscle loss and excess adiposity into sharp clinical focus. Affecting approximately 5-10% of older adults, the dual burden subsequently leads to metabolic, functional, and mortality outcomes than either sarcopenia or obesity alone.1 Yet despite growing recognition, significant nutrition gaps persist in both diagnosis and management. The article tries to explore the nutritional challenges inherent to sarcopenic obesity and suggests a multi-pronged approach to address these gaps.

How to cite this article:
Raja D. Sarcopenic Obesity among the Elderly: Bridging Nutrition Gaps. Chettinad Health CityMed J. 2026;15(1):1-3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202601

Effectiveness of a Self-Instructional Module on First Aid Knowledge among Anganwadi Workers in Delhi: A Pre-Experimental Study

2026-04-08T13:10:22+00:00

Background: Despite the significant advances, child survival remains a critical concern. Minor ailments like diarrhea, common cold, fever, cough, worm infestations, scabies, fall, eye injury, choking are quite common
among children. Children go to anganwadi centre every day, and thus, these can be recognized early and treated timely by anganwadi workers.
Aim: To assess how well a self-instructional module works on the understanding of the handling of first aid for minor ailments and common injuries in children below six years age as on anganwadi worker in the selected anganwadis of Delhi.
Methodology: A pre-experimental research design was applied, with the quantitative research approach. A sample of 100 anganwadi workers were identified using non-probability method of purposive sampling
technique. Data was collected via a designed knowledge questionnaire. To define the effectiveness of the intervention, data were processed both in terms of descriptive as well as inferential statistics.
Result: The results brought out by the pre-test were that 90 percent of the anganwadi workers had inadequate knowledge whereas 10 percent had adequate knowledge of first aid management. Second, there was
91 percent of the anganwadi workers with adequate understanding and 9 percent with inadequate understanding after intervention. The findings revealed that knowledge showed a significant increase after the
intervention (the value of the paired t-test is-26.976, p<0.001) which can verify the effect of the Self-Instructional Module.
Conclusion: The results show that the Self-Instructional Module improved the knowledge of anganwadi workers about first aid treatment of common childhood diseases and accidens.
Keywords: First aid management, Anganwadi workers, Minor ailments, Common injuries, Under six years children

Effectiveness of a Self-Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding HPV Vaccination among Undergraduate Girls: A Pre-Experimental Study

2026-04-09T05:52:35+00:00

Introduction and Aim: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a well established etiological factor for cervical cancer, which continues to contribute significantly to cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries. Although HPV vaccination is an effective preventive measure, awareness regarding vaccination remains inadequate among young females. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-instructional module (SIM) on knowledge regarding HPV vaccination among undergraduate girls.
Materials and Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pre-test post test design was employed. The study was conducted among 100 undergraduate girls selected through non-probability purposive sampling from a selected college in Jalandhar, Punjab. Data were collected using a self-structured knowledge questionnaire. Following the pre-test, a self-instructional module on HPV vaccination was administered. The post-test was conducted on the third day. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The mean pre-test knowledge score was 13.87 ± 2.67, which increased to 22.80 ± 2.50 in the post-test, showing a mean difference of 8.93. The calculated paired t value (28.492) was statistically significant at
p < 0.001, indicating a significant improvement in knowledge following the intervention.
Conclusion: The self-instructional module was found to be effective in significantly improving knowledge regarding HPV vaccination among undergraduate girls. Educational interventions can play a vital role in enhancing HPV vaccine awareness and supporting cervical cancer prevention.

Keywords: Human Papillomavirus, HPV Vaccination, Self Instructional Module, Undergraduate Girls, Knowledge

How to cite this article:
Mushtaq S, Khan S. Effectiveness of a Self Instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding HPV Vaccination among Undergraduate Girls: A Pre-Experimental Study. Chettinad Health City Med J. 2026;15(1):10-15.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202603

The Effectiveness of Prenatal Yoga in Reducing Minor Physical Discomforts Among Antenatal Mothers at Vijayapur PHC

2026-04-09T08:14:06+00:00

Bridging the Gaps: AI Algorithms and Blockchain Implementation in Digital Technologies for Tuberculosis Management under NTEP

2026-04-08T13:10:23+00:00

To enhance tuberculosis (TB) management, India’s National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) makes use of digital technologies such as the Nikshay app and 99DOTS. The initiative still has a lot of obstacles to
overcome, including low infrastructure, improper data management,and lack of digital literacy among patients and healthcare workers. This article is a narrative review synthesising existing literature on the integration of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies in tuberculosis management under NTEP. Blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) have the potential to revolutionise TB care under NTEP by improving treatment adherence prediction, data security, and transparency.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Ntep, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain,Digital Technologies, Nikshay

How to cite this article:
Danasekaran R, Yenuganti V V. Bridging the Gaps: AI Algorithms and Blockchain Implementation in Digital Technologies for Tuberculosis Management under NTEP. Chettinad Health City Med J. 2026;15(1):23-27.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202605

An Overview of Initiative Policies and Programmes on Malnutrition in India

2026-04-09T04:46:36+00:00

Introduction: Malnutrition among children under five years remains a significant public health challenge in India, encompassing both undernutrition and the emerging issue of overnutrition. It is influenced by multiple socio-economic and environmental determinants, including poverty, inadequate sanitation, and low maternal education. Despite several national nutrition programmes, the burden of malnutrition continues to persist across regions.
Methodology: This study adopts a narrative review approach to analyse malnutrition and related policy interventions in India. Relevant literature published between 2015 and 2023 was included, focusing on children under five years, maternal nutrition, and national nutrition programmes. Data were obtained from sources such as PubMed, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3, 4, and 5), the World Health Organization, and NITI Aayog. Keywords including “malnutrition in India,” “child undernutrition,” “stunting and wasting,” and “nutrition programmes India” were used with Boolean operators. Data were categorised and synthesised narratively.
Results: Findings indicate that undernutrition remains highly prevalent among children under five in India. According to NFHS-5, 35.5% of children are stunted, 19.3% are wasted, and 32.1% are underweight. Additionally, 3.4% of children are overweight, highlighting the growing dual burden of malnutrition. Government initiatives such as the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), Mid-Day Meal Scheme (PM POSHAN), and National Health Mission have contributed to improvements; however, gaps in implementation, monitoring, and service delivery remain evident.
Conclusion: The study underscores the need for strengthened, multi-sectoral strategies to address malnutrition in India. Improving community awareness, enhancing access to existing nutrition programmes, and addressing key determinants such as poverty, sanitation, and maternal education are essential. Furthermore, context-specific, local-level interventions are necessary to reduce regional disparities and improve child nutritional outcomes.

Keywords: Malnutrition, Undernutrition, Stunting, Wasting,Underweight, Integrated Child Development Services, Public Health

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202606

How to cite this article:
Karthikeyan K, Geetha R. An Overview of Initiative Policies and Programmes on Malnutrition in India. Chettinad Health City Med J. 2026;15(1):28-35.

Globalization of Ayurveda: Future opportunities and Current Challenges- Narrative Review

2026-04-09T05:14:58+00:00

Background: The ancient Indian sages have also incorporated the principles of globalisation through the motto of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” (One World-One Family-One Future), meaning that the whole world is one family. Ayurveda is no exception to revolutionary change in the form of its globalisation and popularisation especially,
after the attack of COVID 19 infection.
Objective: This review has been undertaken to understand the global impact of Ayurveda interventions along with the impending challenges of the past few decades.
Methods: The information regarding the recent advances in the field of Ayurveda in terms of its global outreach and research was searched in the form of scholarly articles from the medical databases (Pubmed, SCOPUS, AYUSH Research Portal and Google Scholar) and publicly available websites and portals of government of India including the Ministry of AYUSH, Press Information Bureau, the Ministry of Tourism etc. Different points considering the present political scenario and national policy behind globalization, current status of Ayurveda education and practice across different countries, challenges in globalization like acceptabilityadaptability, post globalization challenges, opportunities and avenues for globalization were analyzed and considered.
Results: Globalization of Ayurveda is both a strategic necessity and a promising opportunity to enhance global health and wellness. While significant strides have been made through supportive national policies and international collaborations, overcoming the inherent challenges requires sustained efforts in research, standardization, and education.
Conclusion: Ayurveda is making global impact in across the health sector and scientific communities. By leveraging its strengths in personalized and preventive medicine, Ayurveda can contribute uniquely to the global healthcare landscape, promoting holistic well-being and addressing the rising prevalence of chronic and lifestyle-related diseases
Keywords: Ayurveda, Globalization, Herbal treatment, Traditional medicine, Ayush

How to cite this article:
Joglekar A A, Joshi S, Bhojani M, Vyas M, Nesari T M. Globalization of Ayurveda: Future opportunities and Current Challenges- Narrative Review. Chettinad Health City Med J. 2026;15(1):36-45.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202607