Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine (E-ISSN: 2349-7181 & P-ISSN: 2394-7047) https://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/MedicineJournal Advanced Research Publications en-US Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine (E-ISSN: 2349-7181 & P-ISSN: 2394-7047) 2394-7047 Haematological Abnormalities in Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease https://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/MedicineJournal/article/view/4547 <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p><strong>Introduction:</strong><br>Decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD) represents an advanced stage of hepatic dysfunction, often accompanied by significant hematological abnormalities. These include anemia, thrombocytopenia, and coagulation disorders, which not only reflect disease severity but also influence the risk of complications such as gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, patterns, and clinical significance of hematological abnormalities in DCLD patients.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong><br><br></p> <p>This study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine. Fifty adult patients diagnosed with DCLD were enrolled based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, peripheral smear, liver function tests, serum iron profile, serum folate, prothrombin time (PT), and international normalized ratio (INR) were recorded and analyzed.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong><br>Among 50 DCLD patients, 42 (84%) were males. Alcoholic cirrhosis (66%) was the most common etiology. Anemia was observed in 94% of patients, with normocytic morphology being the most frequent (57.4%). Thrombocytopenia was present in 72% of cases, and prolonged PT and elevated INR were noted in 68% and 74% of patients, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between thrombocytopenia and GI bleeding (p = 0.047), and also between GI bleeding and elevated PT (p = 0.009) and INR (p = 0.012).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong><br>Hematological abnormalities are highly prevalent in DCLD and show a strong association with bleeding complications. Early identification and appropriate management of these derangements are crucial to improving patient outcomes.</p> PRALAYAKAVERI DWARAKA Copyright (c) 2025 PRALAYAKAVERI DWARAKA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-28 2025-06-28 12 1 4 9 Nutritional Deficiencies and Haematological Profiles in Adult People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study https://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/MedicineJournal/article/view/4250 <p>Background: Nutrition and HIV are intricately linked, with malnutrition worsening immune impairment and accelerating HIV progression. Conversely, HIV-related immune dysfunction can exacerbate nutritional deficiencies. This interplay is particularly concerning in PLHIV, where optimal nutrition is crucial for immune responses and overall health. This study assessed haematological and biochemical profiles and the<br>prevalence of deficiencies in PLHIV attending an ART centre in Delhi. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2022, including 30 adult PLHIV consenting patients. Data on<br>demographics, BMI, and haematological/biochemical parameters were collected and analyzed using SPSS, with significance set at p&lt;0.05. Results: High rates of nutritional deficiencies were found: anaemia<br>(66.66%), vitamin B12 deficiency (56.66%), low serum iron (63.33%), low ferritin (70%), insufficient vitamin D3 (80%), and low albumin (40%), significantly exceeding general population prevalence. Malnutrition was<br>prevalent, with 60% underweight and only 26.7% having a normal BMI. Low BMI was associated with albumin deficiency (p=0.033). Age correlated with lower haemoglobin and total protein. Trends suggested higher ferritin<br>deficiency in females (p=0.073) and lower phosphorus in males (p=0.061). Conclusion: Nutritional deficiencies are common in PLHIV and negatively impact their haematological and biochemical parameters.<br>Addressing these deficiencies is crucial for improving health outcomes. This research highlights the critical need for ongoing studies to explore effective nutritional interventions and their impact on the health of individuals living with HIV.</p> Sourav Kumar Anil Gurtoo Anju Seth Preeti Chauhan Copyright (c) 2025 Sourav Kumar, Anil Gurtoo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-08-04 2025-08-04 12 1 10 16 A Case Report: Forced Alkaline Diuresis in a Case of 2, 4 D Dimethyl-Amine Herbicide Poisoning https://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/MedicineJournal/article/view/4516 <p>To study the use of 2, 4 D is increasing because of resistance emerging<br>in Paraquat and Glycophosphate for weed control, hence accidental<br>or suicidal intoxication incidences are rising. Action of this is dose<br>dependent with detrimental effects on cell membrane of Acetyl - CoA<br>metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation.<br>It is fatal if not treated timely, having no specific antidote involving<br>CNS, CVS, RS, Hepatoblliary, muscle and endocrine systems. Usually,<br>it is very common with intoxication of organophospate compounds in<br>India, similar to alcohol, sedative drugs, aromatic compounds which is<br>suspected when patient comes to emergency room. So, Identification<br>of correct compound for timely management can be lifesaving.<br>Prolonged Coma, Metabolic complications, Skeletal muscle complication<br>are some of the complications of 2 4 D. Treatment with forced alkaline<br>diuresis is life saving measure in resource limited rural area where<br>hemodialysis is not available.</p> <p>How to cite this article:<br>Gupta S, Deshmukh R, Deshpande S, Patki S,<br>Akotkar S, Suradkar P. A Case Report : Forced<br>Alkaline Diuresis in a Case of 2, 4 D Dimethyl<br>Amine Herbicide poisoning. J Adv Res Med 2025;<br>12(1): 1-3.</p> <p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2349.7181.202501</p> Sagar Gupta Ranjana Deshmukh Sudhir Deshpande Shriram Patki Sumit Akotkar Pravin Suradkar Copyright (c) 2025 Sagar Gupta, Ranjana Deshmukh, Sudhir Deshpande, Shriram Patki, Sumit Akotkar, Pravin Suradkar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-05-19 2025-05-19 12 1 1 3