A Cross-Sectional Audit of Cesarean Deliveries Using Robson’s Ten-Group Classification System at a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Caesarean section rates have increased globally and in India, raising concerns regarding
maternal and neonatal outcomes. Auditing caesarean deliveries using a standardized
classification system is essential to identify key contributing groups and develop targeted
strategies. Robson’s Ten-Group Classification System provides a simple, reproducible
method for monitoring and comparing caesarean section rates across institutions.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology at a tertiary care centre in Uttar Pradesh from 1st October 2023 to 31st March
2024. All women who underwent caesarean section during the study period were included.

Data related to maternal demographics, obstetric characteristics, and indications for caesarean
section were collected from hospital records. Caesarean deliveries were classified according
to Robson’s Ten-Group Classification System. Data analysis was performed using SPSS
version 21, and results were expressed as frequencies, percentages, and mean deviation.
RESULT
A total of 352 deliveries were conducted during the study period, of which 165 were
caesarean sections, yielding a caesarean section rate of 46.87%. The mean maternal age was
26.53 ± 5.1 years. Robson Group 5 was the largest contributor to caesarean sections
(24.84%), followed by Group 2 (20.0%) and Group 10 (14.54%). Previous caesarean section
and fetal distress were the most common indications.
CONCLUSION
Robson’s Ten-Group Classification System effectively identified the major contributors to
the high caesarean section rate. Targeted interventions focusing on reducing primary
caesarean sections and promoting safe vaginal birth after caesarean may help optimize
obstetric practices and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.