Prevalence and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidaemia in Urban-Rural Younger, Middle-Aged, and Elderly Indians

Umesh Kumar Sharma; Meenu Pujani; J Anuradha; Bhawna Kalra

Umesh Kumar Sharma Department of Laboratory Services, Metro Heart Institute with multispecialty, Faridabad, Haryana, India, Nims Institute of Allied and Medical Science and Technology, NIMS university, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Meenu Pujani Department of Laboratory Services, Metro Heart Institute with multispecialty, Faridabad, Haryana, India
J Anuradha Nims Institute of Allied and Medical Science and Technology, NIMS university, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Bhawna Kalra FASC, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India

Keywords: Type-II diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, dyslipidemia

Abstract

Introduction: Due to rapid urbanisation, Indians are more likely to developage-specific type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dyslipidaemia. This study intended to investigate the prevalence of T2DM and dyslipidaemia in younger (< 30 years), middle (31–40,41–50, and 51–60 years), and older (61–70 and > 70 years) age groups in urban-rural Indians.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Metro Heart Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana. The patient’s demographic information (urban-rural), gender, fasting blood glucose levels, dyslipidaemia profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected based on age groups.
Results: Urban middle-aged (41–50 years: 56.3%; 51–60 years: 76.9%) and elderly (61–70 years: 83.3%) experienced markedly higher prevalence of T2DM than rural (41–50 years: 20.8%; 51–60 years: 20.7%; 61–70 years: 38.3%) participants of similar age groups. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia measured through hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia was higher in females over 45 years, and in males, it was higher in those under 45 years. The study revealed that individuals with T2DM show a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia in middle age as compared to the elderly, with a higher prevalence of HDL-C and LDL-C in males under 45 years.
Conclusion: The prevalence of T2DM and dyslipidaemia was lower in rural India than in urban, particularly in middle age groups but their levels were still greater.

How to cite this article:
Sharma U K, Pujani M, J Anuradha, Kalra B. Prevalence and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidaemia in Urban-Rural Younger, Middle-Aged, and Elderly Indians. Chettinad Health City Med J. 2025;14(1):79-87.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2278.2044.202511

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