Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Animals: Insight on Biting Animals, Nature of Bites and Comparative Cost Analysis of Intradermal and Intramuscular Routes of Administration
Abstract
Introduction: Rabies is an almost 100% fatal zoonosis and is only preventable through proper vaccination. Dogs are considered the main reservoirs (97%) of this disease. Vaccine supply for dogs is a global concern.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional observational study analyzed the costs involved in the Rabies Control Programme in the Rampur Bushahr area, with intradermal (ID) immunization as an alternative to the standard intramuscular (IM) route for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).
Results: The study suggested achieving a similar immunogenicity and efficacy with five times less dosage compared to previous studies. This reduces the expenses of dog owners on vaccination costs by 5 times compared to intramuscular rabies vaccination (IMRV). Other miscellaneous and one-time expenses remain the same for intradermal rabies vaccination (IDRV) and IMRV regimens. It was seen that animal-to-animal bites are mainly through dogs (92.5%), followed by leopards, monkeys, and other wild animals, with lacerated wounds being the most common type (68.5%), followed by multiple wounds, abrasions, and puncture wounds.
Conclusion: The total cost incurred for PEP in the IDRV group was 13.6% less compared to the IMRV group.
How to cite this article:
Sharma A K, Bharti O K, Panda K A, Sharma J, John D, Isloor S. Post-Exposure Prophylaxis in Animals: Insight on Biting Animals, Nature of Bites and Comparative Cost Analysis of Intradermal and Intramuscular Routes of Administration. APCRI J. 2024;26(1):9-17.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0973.5038.202404
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