Geospatial Distribution and Sociodemographic Profile of Animal Bite Cases attending Anti-rabies Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Odisha
Abstract
Background: Ninety-six per cent of human rabies cases are caused by
dog bites. Among these cases, stray dog contributes nearly 63% of the
caseload. Their demographic information is not much studied.
Objective: To study the geographical distribution of animal bite cases
and demarcate the hotspot areas to stop future rabies outbreaks by
Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS).
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out between
13th May 2022 and 12th Jun 2022. Data on 676 rabies vaccination OPD
cases involving category 3 animal bites were collected using a review of
records. Data were analyzed using SPSS and a spot map was prepared
using QGIS 3.28.2.
Results: The majority of cases were dog bites (499, 73.82%) followed by
monkey bites (103, 15.24%) and cat bite cases (65, 9.62%). The victims
were mostly males (67.01%) and females were 32.99%. Maximum cases
were due to unprovoked (82.84%) and stray animal (85.50%) bites. There
was not much difference in the number of animal bite cases between
the rural (48.6%) and urban areas (51.4%). However, dog bites were
seen more in the urban areas, and wild animal bites like those of a fox,
jackal, etc., were from the rural areas. The proportion of stray animal
bites was higher in the rural areas and the proportion of pet animal
bites was higher in the urban areas. These differences were found to
be statistically significant.
Conclusion: Geographical mapping of animal bite cases gives a clear
insight into the distribution of animal bite cases and helps in planning
control measures to deal with the increasing number of cases in
particular areas so as to prevent an outbreak.
How to cite this article:
Mandal K, Haldar SR, Satapathy DM. Geospatial
Distribution and Sociodemographic Profile of
Animal Bite Cases attending Anti-rabies Clinic
of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Odisha.
APCRI J. 2022; 24(2): 1-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0973.5038.202201
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