Demystifying the Comprehensive Neurobiology of Memory Consolidation and its Affiliation with Psychopathologies
Abstract
Memory is one of the crucial aspects of human existence that is essential for the survival of human beings, vital in order to pass on information from one generation to another, and obligatory in order to attain certain knowledge regarding specific threats and circumstances so that the same errors can be avoided in the future. Memory also serves as a significant component of mental well-being. Considering the recent advancement in medical sciences in the past few years, it has explored new promising methods for understanding and managing psychopathologies of various diseases by deeply understanding and exploring the principles that
explain how consolidation and reconsolidation of memory take place inside the human brain, how fragile memory traces become robust with time and are desensitised to any intervention, etc. In this review, we
will try to explain the mechanisms and processes involved in memory consolidation and the influence of various determinants on memory consolidation from a neurobiological perspective in a more pronounced
and well-defined way in order to provide a better comprehension for addressing the various psychopathologies that are linked with different psychiatric diseases.
References
Kandel ER. The molecular biology of memory storage: a dialogue between genes and synapses. Science. 2001;294(5544):1030-8. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Dudai Y. The neurobiology of consolidations, or, how stable is the engram? Annu Rev Psychol. 2004;55:51-
[PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Lamprecht R, Farb CR, Rodrigues SM, LeDoux JE. Fear conditioning drives profilin into amygdala dendritic
spines. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9(4):481-3. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Alberini CM. The role of protein synthesis during the labile phases of memory: revisiting the skepticism. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2008;89(3):234-46. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Graf P, Schacter DL. Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. J
Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1985;11(3):501-18. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Caroni P, Donato F, Muller D. Structural plasticity upon learning: regulation and functions. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2012;13(7):478-90. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Dudai Y. The restless engram: consolidations never end. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2012;35:227-47. [PubMed]
[Google Scholar]
McGaugh JL. Memory - a century of consolidation. Science. 2000;287(5451):248-51. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Tronson NC, Taylor JR. Molecular mechanisms of memory reconsolidation. Nat Rev Neurosci.
;8(4):262-75. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Schafe GE, Nader K, Blair HT, LeDoux JE. Memory consolidation of Pavlovian fear conditioning: a cellular and molecular perspective. Trends Neurosci. 2001;24(9):540-6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Alberini CM, Chen DY. Memory enhancement: consolidation, reconsolidation and insulin-like growth factor 2. Trends Neurosci. 2012;35(5):274-83. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Stern SA, Alberini CM. Mechanisms of memory enhancement. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 2013;5(1):37-53. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Frankland PW, Bontempi B. The organization of recent and remote memories. Nat Rev Neurosci.
;6(2):119-30. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Squire LR, Wixted JT. The cognitive neuroscience of human memory since H.M. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2011;34:259-88. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Sara SJ. Retrieval and reconsolidation: toward a neurobiology of remembering. Learn Mem. 2000;7(2):73-84. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Nader K, Schafe GE, Le Doux JE. Fear memories require protein synthesis in the amygdala for reconsolidation
after retrieval. Nature. 2000;406(6797):722-6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Alberini CM. Mechanisms of memory stabilization: are consolidation and reconsolidation similar or distinct processes? Trends Neurosci. 2005;28(1):51- 6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Milekic MH, Alberini CM. Temporally graded requirement for protein synthesis following memory reactivation. Neuron. 2002;36(3):521-5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Tronel S, Milekic MH, Alberini CM. Linking new information to a reactivated memory requires consolidation and not reconsolidation mechanisms. PLoS Biol. 2005;3(9):e293. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Beckers T, Kindt M. Memory reconsolidation interference as an emerging treatment for emotional
disorders: strengths, limitations, challenges and opportunities. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2017;13:99- 121. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Holmes EA, Hackmann A. Mental imagery and memory in psychopathology: a special issue of memory. 1st ed. Psychology Press; 2004. [Google Scholar]
Gaensbauer TJ, Jordan L. Psychoanalytic perspectives on early trauma: interviews with thirty analysts who
treated an adult victim of a circumscribed trauma in early childhood. J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2009;57(4):947-
[PubMed] [Google Scholar]
