International Journal of Preventive, Curative & Community Medicine (E-ISSN: 2454-325X)

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Psychological Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Staff Nurses Working in Selected Tertiary Care Hospital of Ludhiana, Punjab

Aaqib Rashid — 2025-05-08

Background: COVID-19, declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020, is
caused by SARS-CoV-2, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems.
Symptoms range from mild to severe, with asymptomatic individuals
also spreading the virus. Vulnerable groups include the elderly, those
with underlying conditions, and children. Healthcare workers face
physical, emotional, and mental health challenges.
Aim: To evaluate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on
staff nurses employed by a few Ludhiana, Punjab, tertiary care hospitals.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive research design assessed the
psychological effects of COVID-19 on staff nurses in Ludhiana, Punjab.
The pilot study included eight nurses, and 80 nurses from Nurses Hostel

Malakpur, working at Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, were select-
ed via convenience sampling. Data were collected electronically using

online forms and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The study’s findings showed that the majority of nurses (62%)
knew nothing about the coronavirus prior to the COVID-19 pandemic
and that 70% of them did not know of any significant others who had
the virus. Additionally, some nurses reported that their coworkers (21%)
had tested positive for the virus. Seventy percent of nurses looked for
information about COVID-19 on the Internet or social media.
Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 67.5% of nurses reported

a positive public perception of healthcare workers. While 20% expe-
rienced moderate depression, 65% had normal depression scores.

Moderate anxiety was present in 31.3%, and 75% had varying anxiety
levels. Stress was subclinical in 76.3%, with mild stress (11.3%) linked
to COVID-19. Factors like limited prior knowledge, exposure to infected
individuals, media usage, and societal attitudes were associated with
nurses’ depression, anxiety, and stress. Overall, nurses reported low
stress, moderate anxiety, and depression levels.

How to cite this article:
Rashid A, Rashid B, Mukhtar T, Misbah S. A
Descriptive Study to Assess the Psychological
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Staff Nurses
Working in Selected Tertiary Care Hospital of
Ludhiana, Punjab. Int J Preven Curat Comm Med.
2025;11(1&2):4-9.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2454.325X.202502

Saving Lives of Snakopathy Victims During COVID-19 Pandemic without any Mortality: A Clinico-Epidemiological Study from Rural Maharashtra, India (2021)

Sandesh Sadanand Raut — 2025-05-08

Background: Globally, between 81,000 and 138,000 people die each
year from snakebite, and up to 400,000 are left permanently disabled
or disfigured due to amputations of the bitten parts. India recorded a
staggering 1.2 million snakebite deaths in the 20 years from 2000 to
2019, with an average of 58,000 deaths caused by snakebite annually.
Objectives: To study the clinical profile of the snakebite cases reported
to the Vighnahar Nursing Home Clinic in Pune during the year 2021 and
the outcome among patients during COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: Details of the snakebite cases presented to the clinic were
extracted retrospectively from case records of the Vighnahar Nursing
Home Clinic in Pune for the year 2021 to study the pattern of morbidity
and mortality among the admitted cases.
Results: A total of 196 snakopathy cases presented to the clinic in 2021,
the majority of them (70 %, 137) were bitten by venomous snakes,
and 30% (59) were bitten by non-venomous snakes. Among venomous
snakebite patients, 71 were males and 66 females. 77 were bitten on the
hands and 59 on the legs. One bite by C. Krait was on the lateral side of
the neck. Among venomous snakes, the majority of patients were bitten
by Russell’s Vipers (RV), 67% (92) and 15 each by Spectacled Cobra (SC)
and Common Krait (CK), 11 by Green Pit Vipers (GPV) and only 4 by
Saw Scale Vipers (SSV). CK bites were mostly around midnight, while
other snakebites were early morning or early evening. A total of 1126
Anti-Snake Venom (ASV) Vials were used. Though there were only 4
SSV cases, the ASV vials used were highest per patient, i.e., 15.25 vials,
followed by SC, 13.5 vials, CK, 8.3 vials, and least for RV, 8.03 vials. No
ASV was given to GPV patients as it does not work. Out of the total,
20% were children below 20 years bitten by venomous snakes, and 24%
were bitten by non- venomous snakes. No deaths were observed due
to the meticulous clinical handling of all snakopathy patients to fulfill
the objective of “Mission Zero Snakebite Death” (MZSD).

How to cite this article:
Raut S S, Raut S, Raut P, Bharti O K. Saving Lives of
Snakopathy Victims During COVID-19 Pandemic
without any Mortality: A Clinico-Epidemiological
Study from Rural Maharashtra, India (2021). Int
J Preven Curat Comm Med. 2025;11(1):10-16.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2454.325X.202503

Enhancing Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Skills in Nursing Education: Preparing Omani Nurses for Excellence in Healthcare

Hassan Al Buraiki — 2025-04-30

The nursing profession is a cornerstone of delivering high-quality
healthcare services, particularly in the context of the rapid changes
occurring in the global healthcare sector and specifically in Oman.
While significant emphasis is placed on developing clinical skills in
nursing education at the academic level, the integration of emotional
intelligence and leadership skills remains limited across many contexts,
including Oman. This article explores the importance of fostering
these skills, their role in enhancing the quality of healthcare services,
and developing nurses professionally by refining their abilities. It also
provides practical strategies for integrating these competencies into
nursing curricula in Oman, drawing from global best practices and
addressing local challenges. This study aims to empower the nursing
workforce across all healthcare domains and contribute to achieving
Oman Vision 2040’s goals in advancing the healthcare sector.

How to cite this article:
Buraiki H A, Idicula B. Enhancing Emotional
Intelligence and Leadership Skills in Nursing
Education: Preparing Omani Nurses for
Excellence in Healthcare. Int J Preven Curat
Comm Med. 2025;11(1&2):1-3.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2454.325X.202501