http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine Advanced Research Publications en-US Postgraduate Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1537 <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Bhaskar V. Neonatal Sepsis: The Quest for An Ideal Biomarker. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):1-2.</p> Vikram Bhaskar Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 1 2 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1082 <p>Introduction: The COVID-19 global pandemic and a lockdown of everyday life activities, forced a switch from school learning to e-learning. This study was conducted to know the perceptions of students and teachers towards e-learning.<br>Method: This was a cross-sectional Google Form-based online survey conducted over a period of 1 month (6/10/2020 to 8/11/2020). The study population was students and teachers across the state, central and ISCE board from cities, mainly from Gujarat. The difference in the proportions of responses among students and teachers was analysed using Chi-square.<br>Results: The survey participants included 753 students and 488 teachers. The majority (78.8%, 593/753) of the student respondents were from State Board. Nearly 83% (622/753) of students and 66.8% (326/488) of teachers agreed that e-learning kept them safe from the threat of COVID-19. Almost half of both the student and teacher respondents dedicated 3-5 hours exclusively to e-learning. Students were 2.3 times more likely than teachers, to use screens for other activities (OR 2.3; CI: 1.8 - 2.9).<br>Conclusions: The majority of students and two-thirds of teachers perceived online learning as a measure to keep them safe from the threat of COVID-19. Nearly 3-5 hours were dedicated to e-learning in a day by more than half of the students. There were several perceived advantages (in terms of studying in the comfort of home and less travel time) as well as disadvantages (in terms of decreased concentration and cost of gadgets) of e-learning.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Chauhan A, Chauhan B, Shah T, Baxi R, Kariya P, Shringarpure K. The New ‘Normal’ in the Era of COVID-19: Students’ and Teachers’ Perspectives on E-Learning. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):3-9.</p> Ashnik Chauhan Bakulesh Chauhan Tushar Shah Rajendra Baxi Prashant Kariya Kalpita Shringarpure Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 3 9 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1118 <p>Objectives: Diagnosing Early-Onset Sepsis (EOS) requires a sensitive, specific, and easily available marker. This study was conducted for the estimation of the cut-off level of urinary and plasma lactate for the diagnosis of EOS.<br>Study Design: Hundred neonates at risk of early onset sepsis were included. Sepsis screen, blood culture, and plasma lactate within 2 hours and urinary lactate in the first urine sample were done. CRP, plasma and urinary lactate were repeated at 24 ± 2 hours. Receiver-operating characteristic curve was drawn to find the optimal cut-off point of urinary and plasma lactate levels.<br>Results: Median urinary lactate in the sepsis group were 0.6 mMol/L and 0.40 mMol/L and in the non-sepsis group, they were 0.41 mMol/L and 0.38 mMol/L in the 1st passed sample and at 24 hours respectively. Both urinary and plasma lactate were not able to diagnose early onset sepsis. However, urinary lactate proved to be a useful marker for diagnosing sepsis with shock and mortality.<br>Conclusion: Our study concludes that although urinary and plasma lactate do not predict EOS, urinary lactate can predict shock and mortality in babies with EOS at 24 hours of life.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Bhat RR, Batra P, Harit D, Banerjee B, Kotru M, Sharma T, Chillar N. Urinary Lactate as a Predictor of Early Onset Sepsis in Neonates. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):10-15.</p> Ramitha Bhat Prerna Batra Deepika Harit Basudev Banerjee Mrinalini Kotru Tusha Sharma Neelam Chhillar Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 10 15 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1247 <p style="font-weight: 400;">There has been an increase in interest in fantasy sports in India in recent years. Mental health remains an important, although often ignored, dimension of fantasy sports. Fantasy sports intersect with the constructs of gaming and gambling. The current article presents an overview of the current status of fantasy sports and its implications in the context of addictive behaviours in diagnostic systems. It also offers recommendations on fantasy sports from the public health and clinical perspective in the Indian context.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Balhara YPS, Singh S. Fantasy Sports: Current Status, Implications and Way Forward. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):16-20.</p> Yatan Pal Singh Balhara Swarndeep Singh Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 16 20 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1258 <p>Methemoglobinaemia occurs as a result of the oxidation of iron in haemoglobin from the ferrous state to the ferric state. Acquired methemoglobinaemia is one of the serious side effects occurring as a result of exposure to nitrate-containing compounds. Treatment of these patients usually involves the administration of methylene blue. Here, we have reported a 14-year-old adolescent with nitrobenzene poisoning.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Badhya SS, Srikanth BK. Acquired Methemoglobinaemia Secondary to Nitrobenzene Poisoning: A Case Report. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):21-23.</p> Sumanth S Badhya BK Srikanth Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 21 23 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1390 <p>Haemolytic disease of a newbornis a heterogenous disease that ranges from jaundice to erythroblastosis foetalis and kernicterus. We present a case of a neonate who developed jaundice on day 3 of life which was progressive despite the use of intensive double surface phototherapy and finally required double volume exchange transfusion for management. The neonate was found to have minor blood group incompatibility. Anti-c antibodies were detected in the neonate’s blood.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Tiwari S, Rawat A, Saxena A, Pandey S. Anti-c Antibodies Causing Neonatal Hyperbilirubinaemia - A Case Report. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):24-25.</p> Sudhanshu Tiwari Ankur Rawat Apoorv Saxena Shikha Pandey Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 24 25 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1228 <p>Background: The COVID-19 pandemic which has spread at an alarming pace over the last 2 years has mutualism with yet another older, and often overlooked airborne disease, tuberculosis. The repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, with multiple waves making the situation even worse and our worldwide response to it with lockdowns, are in all probability going to leave an extreme and persistent effect on the diagnosis as well as control of TB. It is expected to lead to a further 6.3 million more cases of TB along with an extra 1.4 million deaths because of TB in the duration of 2020 to 2025. We present the following case which shows a rapid development of disseminated TB after COVID-19 infection in an otherwise immunocompetent child.<br>Case Report: An 11-year-old, female child, came with complaints of fever for 2 months and productive cough for 15 days. On evaluation, the child had tachypnoea and pallor with bilateral coarse crepitations. Her SpO2 was 94%. Chest X-ray was suggestive of miliary shadows. Sputum for gene Xpert was positive for MTB with rifampicin resistance. CT brain revealed ring-enhancing lesions with perilesional oedema with shaggy meningeal enhancement. CECT thorax and abdomen showed diffuse miliary nodules with necrotic mediastinal lymphadenopathy and bilateral bulky kidneys with cortical hypodense areas, and early features of pyelonephritis. Urine gene Xpert was also positive for MTB with rifampicin resistance. An ophthalmic examination revealed multiple choroid tubercles. Her COVID-19 antibodies came positive with high inflammatory markers pointing towards post-COVID MIS-C.<br>Conclusion: She was treated with DR-TB regimen and for MIS-C. She showed clinical and radiological improvement and was discharged on ATT.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Tripathy V, Verma B. Development of Disseminated Drug resistant Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent Patient after COVID-19 Infection. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):26-29.</p> Vinita Tripathy Bela Verma Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 26 29 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1229 <p>Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with group A Streptococci (PANDAS) is a term used to describe certain neuropsychiatric manifestations which have a tendency to relapse with recurrent Group A streptococcal infection. The molecular mimicry hypothesised as a cause for this infection is the same as that of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) which has not yet been proved. Hence there is a perpetual conflict of interest for the need of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis and their duration for secondary prevention in the paediatric population. Here, we discuss about a 9-year-old boy who presented with choreoathetoid movements and mitral valve involvement. He was treated for neuropsychiatric as well as cardiac complications following streptococcal infection under the suspicion of RHD. Due to poor compliance, the child had relapses of involuntary movements in the intermittent period which is consistent with the criteria of PANDAS. Hence high index of suspicion should be considered for all the children with features of insignificant valvular abnormalities in endemic populations during their subsequent follow-up for signs/symptoms of PANDAS.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Kumaraswamy MS, Cornelius LP, Shanthi B. PANDAS: Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Group A Streptococci and its Intricacy with Rheumatic Heart Disease - Case Report. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):30-32.</p> Meenakshi Swathi Kumaraswamy Leema Pauline Cornelius B Shanthi Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 30 32 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/1221 <p class="Body">Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable, life-threatening disease, which is seldom seen in states of India like Goa with good vaccine coverage. We report a 9-year-old, partially immunised male, who presented as a case of generalised tetanus, secondary to a leg wound. The case was graded as severe (&gt; 10) on Modified Patel &amp; Joag criteria. Management was challenging as spasms were difficult to control despite high doses of sedatives. On further research, an alarming falling trend in immunisation coverage was also noted. This case report serves as a reminder that vaccine-preventable diseases may still be seen in today’s world and as well as a guide on grading the severity of tetanus and how to control the spasms effectively.</p> <p class="Body"><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Martins GP, Keny R, Joglekar S, Silveira MP. Paediatric Tetanus: Are We Letting the Guard Down?. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):33-35.</p> Gordon P Martins Rishva Keny Shilpa Joglekar Maria P Silveira Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 33 35 http://medical.advancedresearchpublications.com/index.php/PJPediatricsAdolescentMedicine/article/view/975 <p>A focal motor variant of status epilepticus is Epilepsia Partialis Continua (EPC), which is characterised by an increased frequency of repetitive and arrhythmic muscular jerky movements that can continue over a prolonged time interval. These movements may affect a group of muscles or a single muscle. These movements are usually stereotyped and might affect the entire limb or hemi-body. EPC is a rare disease and is reported mostly in the form of case series. The incidence is higher in males compared to females and is mostly treatment-resistant. We, hereby report an interesting video of a young girl with EPC, who was managed successfully and discharged in a seizure-free state.</p> <p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br>Solanki A, Batra P, Bhaskar V. Epilepsia Partialis Continua (EPC): An Interesting Case Video. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2022;1(2):36.</p> Aashima Solanki Prerna Batra Vikram Bhaskar Copyright (c) 2022 Open Access 2022-12-31 2022-12-31 1 2 36 36