A Pediatric Case of Post-SARS-CoV-2 Guillain Barre Syndrome of Pure Axonal Variety

Sanghamitra Ray; Manish Kumar

Sanghamitra Ray Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Delhi, India
Manish Kumar Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Delhi, India

Keywords: GBS, Pure Axonal Variety, Plasmapheresis, Universal Arefl exia

Abstract

Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) is a common enti ty in the pediatric populati on and a major cause of fl accid paralysis worldwide. Recently, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a surge in GBS cases has been observed, primarily in the adult populati on. Here, we present a case of a child with post-SARS-CoV-2 infecti on GBS of a rare variety. A fi ve-year-old female child presented with weakness in both lower limbs for two months and complaints of numbness in her lower limbs. She had a history of fever three weeks prior to this admission. Along with universal arefl exia and reduced power in both lower limbs, the cerebrospinal fl uid analysis
showed albuminocytological dissociati on. A nerve conducti on study (NCS) was performed, which was typical of GBS of the severe acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) type. The anti -COVID-19 anti body (IgM) was signifi cantly high. The pati ent was successfully managed with plasmapheresis and showed complete recovery. This is a rare pediatric case of post-COVID-19 GBS of the AMSAN variety treated successfully with plasmapheresis.

How to cite this article:
Ray S, Kumar M. A Pediatric Case of Post-
SARS-CoV-2 Guillain Barre Syndrome of Pure Axonal Variety. Postgrad J Pediatr Adol Med. 2023;2(1):15-17.

References

Zhou Z, Kang H, Li S, Zhao X. Understanding the neurotropic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2: from

neurological manifestations of COVID-19 to potential neurotropic mechanisms. J Neurol. 2020;267(8):2179- 84. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Zhao H, Shen D, Zhou H, Liu J, Chen S. Guillain- Barre syndrome associated with SARS-CoV- 2 infection: causality or coincidence? Lancet Neurol. 2020;19(5):383-4. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Curtis M, Bhumbra S, Felker MV, Jordan BL, Kim J, Weber M, Friedman ML. Guillain-Barré syndrome

in a child with COVID-19 infection. Pediatrics. 2021;147(4):e2020015115. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Khalifa M, Zakaria F, Ragab Y, Saad A, Bamaga A, Emad Y, Rasker JJ. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection and coronavirus disease 2019 in a child. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2020;9(4):510-3. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Rafiei Tabatabaei S, Shariatpanahi G, Azadkiya R, Karimzadeh P, Karimi A. Guillain-Barre syndrome in a

child infected with COVID-19. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2022;10(Suppl):e113564. [Google Scholar]

Krishnakumar A, Kewalramani D, Mahalingam H, Manokaran RK. Guillain-Barré syndrome with preserved reflexes in a child after COVID-19 infection. Indian J Pediatr. 2021;88(8):831-2. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]