Inhibition Effect of Gold (III) Theophylline Nanocomplex on ALT Enzyme Activity in Human Serum of Iraqi Patients with Liver Disease
Abstract
Introduction: The ultrasonic sonication approach was used to create an Au(III) nano complex with theophylline.
Methods: To explore and suggest the structure of the nano complex,UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and carbon hydrogen and nitrogen (CHN) elemental studies were used. The FE-SEM was used to prove the nanoscale of the prepared complex and was to be less than 20 nm. The effect of the gold nano complex (Au (THP)2 (Cl)2) on alanine transaminase (ALT) activity in the serum of chronic liver disease patients was investigated.
Results: Compared to the control group, the patients with chronic liver disease with and without nano complex had a significant rise in serum levels of ALT activity (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in individuals with chronic liver disease who received nano complex, the blood levels of ALT activity were significantly lower than those who did not receive nano complex. The reason is that the Au nano complex aggressively interacts with carboxylic groups of important enzymes and inactivates them; further, the Au nano complex had an inhibitory effect on serum
ALT activity.
How to cite this article:
MJ Jawad, Alkadir OKA. Inhibition Effect of Gold (III) Theophylline Nano-complex on ALT Enzyme Activity in Human Serum of Iraqi Patients with Liver Disease. J Commun Dis. 2021;53(3):244-249.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202164
References
Rheima AM, Aboud NA, Jasim BE, Ismail AH, Abbas ZS. Synthesis and structural characterization of ZnTiO3
nanoparticles via modification sol-gel prosses for assessment of their antimicrobial activity. Int J Pharm
Sci Res. 2021;13(1):342-7. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Mahmood RS, Hussain DH, Abbas ZS. Study the adsorption ability of alizarin red dye from their
aqueous solution on synthesized carbon nanotubes. Dig J Nanomater Biostruct. 2021;16(1):11-8. [Google
Scholar]
Hussain DH, Rheima AM, Jaber SH. Cadmium ions pollution treatments in aqueous solution using
electrochemically synthesized gamma aluminum oxide nanoparticles with DFT study. Egypt J Chem.
;63(2):417-24. [Google Scholar]
Salman AT, Ismail AH, Rheima AM, Abd AN, Habubi NF, Abbas ZS. Nano-synthesis, characterization and
spectroscopic studies of chromium (III) complex derived from new quinoline-2-one for solar cell fabrication. J
Phys Conf Ser. 2021;1853(1):012021. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Mohammed MA, Jaber SH, Hameed SA. Adsorption of selenium (Se4+) ions pollution by pure
rutile titanium dioxide nanosheets electrochemically synthesized. Desalination Water Treat. 2020
Aug;194(2020):187-93. [Google Scholar]
Ismail AH, Al-Bairmani HK, Abbas ZS, Rheima AM. Nano-synthesis, spectroscopic characterisation and
antibacterial activity of some metal complexes derived from Theophylline. Egypt J Chem. 2020;63(7):1-5.
[Google Scholar]
Ismail AH, Al-Bairmani HK, Abbas ZS, Rheima AM. Nano metal-complexes of theophylline derivative: synthesis,
characterization, molecular structure studies, and antibacterial activity. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2020
Nov;928(5):052028. [Google Scholar]
Ismail AH, Al-Bairmani HK, Abbas ZS, Rheima AM. Synthesis, characterization, spectroscopic
and biological studies of Zn (II), Mn (II) and Fe (II) theophylline complexes in nanoscale. Nano Biomed
Eng. 2020;12(3):253-61. [Google Scholar]
Ismail AH, Al-Bairmani HK, Abbas ZS, Rheima AM. Nanoscale synthesis of metal (II) theophylline
complexes and assessment of their biological activity. Nano Biomed Eng. 2020;12(2):139-47. [Google Scholar]
Rheima A, Anber AA, Shakir A, Salah Hammed A, Hameed S. Novel method to synthesis nickel oxidenanoparticles for antibacterial activity. Iran J Phys Res. 2020 Nov;20(3):51-5. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Mohammed MA, Jaber SH, Hameed SA. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the UVirradiation
technique in an antibacterial application. J Southwest Jiaotong Univ. 2019;54(5). [Google Scholar]
Mohammed MA, Rheima AM, Jaber SH, Hameed SA. The removal of zinc ions from their aqueous solutions by
Cr2O3 nanoparticles synthesized via the UV-irradiation method. Egypt J Chem. 2020 Feb;63(2):5-6. [Google
Scholar]
Rheima AM, Mohammed MA, Jaber SH, Hasan MH. Inhibition effect of silver-calcium nanocomposite on
alanine transaminase enzyme activity in human serum of Iraqi patients with chronic liver disease. Drug Invent
Today. 2019 Nov;12(11). [Google Scholar]
Kadhum HA, Salih WM, Rheima AM. Improved PSi/c-Si and Ga/PSi/c-Si nanostructures dependent solar cell
efficiency. Applied Physics A. 2020 Oct;126(10):1-5. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Hussain DH, Abed HJ. Fabrication of a new photo-sensitized solar cell using TiO2ZnO
nanocomposite synthesized via a modified solgel technique. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2020
Nov;928(5):052036. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Anber AA, Abdullah HI, Ismail AH. Synthesis of alpha-gamma aluminum oxide nanocomposite via
electrochemical method for antibacterial activity. Nano Biomed Eng. 2021 Jan;13(1):1-5. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Mohammed MA, Jaber SH, Hameed SA. Adsorption of selenium (Se4+) ions pollution by pure
rutile titanium dioxide nanosheets electrochemically synthesized. Desalination Water Treat. 2020
Aug;194(2020):187-93. [Google Scholar]
Kamil AF, Abdullah H, Rheima AM, Mohammed SH. Photochemical synthesized NiO nanoparticles based
dye-sensitized solar cells: a comparative study on the counter electrodes and dye-sensitized concentrations.
J Ovonic Res. 2021 May;17(3):299-305.
Kumar D, Jain V, Rai B. Imidazole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for copper: a DFT and reactive force field
study. Corro Sci. 2020 May:108724. [Google Scholar]
Müller J. Nucleic acid duplexes with metal-mediated base pairs and their structures. Coord Chem Rev. 2019
Aug;393:37-47. [Google Scholar]
Rheima AM, Anber AA, Abdullah HI, Ismail AH. Synthesis of alpha-gamma aluminum oxide nanocomposite via
electrochemical method for antibacterial activity. Nano Biomed Eng. 2021 Jan;13(1):1-5. [Google Scholar]
Vakarov SA, Gruzdev DA, Levit GL, Krasnov VP, Charushin VN, Chupakhin ON. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure 2-aryloxy carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Russ Chem Rev. 2019;88(10):1063. [Google Scholar]
Castilho N, Gabriel P, Camargo TP, Neves A, Terenzi H. Targeting an artificial metal nuclease to DNA by a
simple chemical modification and its drastic effect on catalysis. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2019 Aug;11(3):286-91.
[PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Al-Jbouri AMS, Abood FM, Hindi NKK, Alkaim AF. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the aquatic extract
against bacterial isolates from periodontitis in Babylon Province, Iraq. Biochem Cell Arch. 2018;18:1345-50.
[Google Scholar]
Kadhim MM, Kubba RM. Theoretical investigation on reaction pathway, biological activity, toxicity and NLO
properties of diclofenac drug and its ionic carriers. Iraqi J Sci. 2020;61(5):936-51. [Google Scholar]
Al-Duhaidahawi DL, Jabir MS, Al-Amiery AA, Moneim AEA, Alkaim AF, Kadhum AAH. Novel antioxidants
compounds derived from isatine. Biochem Cell Arch. 2018;18(1):709-13. [Google Scholar]
Wang CS, Chang TT, Yao WJ, Wang ST, Chou P. Impact of increasing alanine aminotransferase levels within
normal range on incident diabetes. J Formos Med Assoc. 2012 Apr;111:201-8. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Bott AJ, Maimouni S, Zong WX. The pleiotropic effects of glutamine metabolism in cancer. Cancers (Basel).
Jun;11(6):770. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Evalde N, James PO, Onuorah OA, Ilo CC, Okeowhor D, Cosmas S, Durojaye OA. Clinical diagnosis of disease
states using enzymes and proteins. Asian J Biochem Genet Mol Biol. 2018;1:1-6. [Google Scholar]
Caldwell H. Preventing, identifying and treating hepatitis C. Nurs Stand. 2019 Jan;34:68-74. [PubMed]
[Google Scholar]
Gacki M, Kafarska K, Pietrzak A, Korona-Glowniak I, Wolf WM. Synthesis, characterisation, crystal structure
and biological activity of metal (II) complexes with theophylline. J Saudi Chem Soc. 2019;23(3):346-54.
[Google Scholar]
Kumar VG, Gokavarapu SD, Rajeswari A, Dhas TS, Karthick V, Kapadia Z, Shrestha T, Barathy IA, Roy A, Sinha
S. Facile green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using leaf extract of antidiabetic potent Cassia auriculata.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2011 Oct;87(1):159-63. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Park JH, Kim CS, Yoo DH, Yang HS, Hong KS, Moon BK, Choi BC, Lee HS. Physical properties of shape-ontrolled
TiO2 nanoparticles. J Korean Phys Soc. 2005;47:884-8. [Google Scholar]
Copyright (c) 2021 Author's
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.