A Promising Future in Rabies Prevention: A Review of RBI-4000, a Self-Replicating RNA Vaccine

Abstract

.Rabies remains a significant global health burden, claiming an estimated 59,000 human lives annually, predominantly in low-resource settings. Traditional vaccines, while effective, pose logistical challenges related to multi-dose regimens, cold chain requirements, and accessibility. Recent advancements in RNA-based vaccine technology offer promising alternatives. RBI-4000, a self-replicating RNA (srRNA) vaccine developed by Replicate Bioscience, is emerging as a potential breakthrough in rabies prophylaxis. This review gives a detailed look at how RBI-4000 was developed, how it works, its testing results, its benefits compared to current vaccines, and its possible impact on eliminating rabies worldwide. It also discusses potential applications of the self-replicating RNA platform for other viral diseases and explores challenges related to vaccine hesitancy, regulatory approval, and large-scale deployment.

How to cite this article:
Gupta V, Kishore J, Rani S, Bansal S. A Promising Future in Rabies Prevention: A Review of RBI-4000, a Self-Replicating RNA Vaccine. J Commun Dis. 2025;57(2):228-232.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202558