Understanding Monkeypox: Insights into Viral Evolution and Public Health Implications

Manoj Kumar  Kumar; Margret Chandira  Rajappa; Harish  Kesavan; Nagasubramanian  Venkatasubramaniam; Saravanan  Ramasamy

Manoj Kumar Kumar Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutics, Vinayaka Missions College of Pharmacy, Salem, India
Margret Chandira Rajappa Professor & Head, Department of Pharmaceutics, Vinayaka Missions College of Pharmacy, Salem, India
Harish Kesavan Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Vinayaka Missions College of Pharmacy, Salem, India
Nagasubramanian Venkatasubramaniam Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutics, Vinayaka Missions College of Pharmacy, Salem, India
Saravanan Ramasamy Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vinayaka Missions College of Pharmacy, Salem, India

Keywords: Monkeypox, Zoonotic, DNA, Smallpox, Vaccine

Abstract

Background: The monkeypox virus, or MPXV for short, is a newly discovered zoonotic virus that is linked to the smallpox virus genus and causes human monkeypox, a disease that is closely comparable to smallpox. Scientists first discovered MPXV in laboratory monkeys in 1958. It mostly affects rodents and can spread from human to human or animal to human by respiratory droplets or contact with body fluids. Once limited to rural regions of Central and West Africa, outbreaks have lately shown a troubling worldwide expansion, prompting worries about public health.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current preventative and therapeutic techniques for monkeypox virus infection as well as the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, reserviors,
transmission processes, diagnosis, treatment options, and vaccines. Given the virus’s potential to cause severe morbidity and its rising occurrence in non-endemic nations, a thorough review is required.

How to cite this article:
Kumar M K, Rajappa M C, Kesavan H,
Venkatasubramaniam N, Ramasamy S.
Understanding Monkeypox: Insights into Viral
Evolution and Public Health Implications. J
Commun Dis. 2025;57(2):202-211.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202556

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