Clinico-aetiological Profile of Severe Anaemia in Hospitalised Adolescents in a Tertiary Care Centre of Bundelkhand Region, Central India
Abstract
Background: Anaemia is a worldwide public health issue and developing countries are burdened with it because of malnutrition, iron deficiency, vit. B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency, and infectious diseases. It affects 1.6 billion people (24.8%) globally.
Objective: To study the clinico-aetiological profile of severe anaemia in adolescent patients admitted to the paediatrics department of a tertiary care centre in the Bundelkhand region of Central India.
Methods: The study design of the present study was cross-sectional observational. The study included 100 cases of severe anaemia aged 10-19 years fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was conducted
from September 2021 to August 2022. Adolescents with haemoglobin levels less than 8 gm/dl are considered severely anaemic according to WHO. SPSS version 23 was used to perform statistical analysis.
Result:Out of 100, most of the patients were from rural areas (55%). The commonest affected age group was the early adolescent (10-12 years) group with a female preponderance (67%) over male. Pallor (100%) was
the most common physical finding, the second most common being icterus followed by pedal oedema. Results of the present study showed that nutritional anaemia was the most common aetiology, out of which
iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) was found in 36% of cases followed by vit. B12 deficiency anaemia (24%) and iron + vit. B12 deficiency anaemia (8%). Predominant RBC morphology observed on peripheral blood smear was microcytic hypochromic (50%).
Conclusion: The study shows that nutritional deficiencies, i.e. iron and vit. B12, constitute the commonest cause of severe anaemia in hospitalised adolescents.
How to cite this article:
Kankane A, Gautam A, Pandey N, Chaurasia OS. Clinico-aetiological Profile of Severe Anaemia in Hospitalised Adolescents in a Tertiary Care Centre of Bundelkhand Region, Central India. Ind J Youth Adol Health. 2023;10(1):16-20.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2349.2880.202304
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