Self-Care and Preventive Measures of Coronavirus: Evidence from India
Keywords:
Self-Care and Preventive Measures of Coronavirus, Public Health and Health Insurance Coverage in India
Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus cases increased across countries so quickly, and in response, no country was ready to handle it. India is the most populous country; inadequate healthcare infrastructure and lack of insurance coverage were the main concerns. Here, self-care and preventive measure is the only option to deal with the pandemic and such virus.
Objective: To analyze the awareness about the self-care and preventive measures for Coronavirus in India.
Methods: This study analyses the self-care and preventive measures taken against the Coronavirus by the people in India. The study collected the data of 517 Indian respondents through the questionnaire (i.e., based on a convenience sampling technique). The statistical tools used frequency, percentage, and correlation.
Results: Most respondents reported the Coronavirus infection causes symptoms like cough, fever, shortness of breath, stomachache, sore throat, and cold (i.e., 86.3, 87.8, 81.4, 88.4, 77.4, and 72.0 percent of respondents, respectively). Most of the respondents agreed that wearing masks (77.2 percent), gloves (66.9 percent), and hand hygiene (88.8 percent) could prevent the spreading of the virus.
Conclusion: The findings concluded that most people were aware of self-care and preventive measures and Coronavirus symptoms. Social media acted as the fastest route to make people more aware of information
dissemination which prevented pandemics’ outbursts.
How to cite this article:
Kumar M, Kothe SK, Bala R, Sagar SK, Devi CS, Krishna KK, Kaushik K, Saran M. Self-Care and Preventive Measures of Coronavirus: Evidence from India. Epidem Int. 2022;7(2):6-12.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202205
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Basheti, I. A., Nassar, R., Barakat, M., Alqudah, R., Abufarha, R., Muqatash, T., & Saini, B. (2020). Pharmacists’ readiness to deal with the coronavirus pandemic: Assessing awareness and perception of roles. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.020
Chowdhury, A. Z., & Jomo, K. S. (2020). Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Developing Countries: Lessons from Selected Countries of the Global South. Development, 63(2–4), 162–171. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-020-00256-y
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Gao, J., Zheng, P., Jia, Y., Chen, H., Mao, Y., Chen, S., Wang, Y., Fu, H., & Dai, J. (2020). Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. PLoS ONE, 15(4), e0231924. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231924
Hager, E., Odetokun, I. A., Bolarinwa, O., Zainab, A., Okechukwu, O., & Al-Mustapha, A. I. (2020). Knowledge, attitude, and perceptions towards the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic: A bi-national survey in Africa. PLoS ONE, 15(7 July), e0236918. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236918
Haischer, M. H., Beilfuss, R., Hart, M. R., Opielinski, L., Wrucke, D., Zirgaitis, G., Uhrich, T. D., & Hunter, S. K. (2020). Who is wearing a mask? Gender-, age-, and location-related differences during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLOS ONE, 15(10), e0240785. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240785
Isaac, T. M. T., & Sadanandan, R. (2020). COVID-19, Public health system and local governance in Kerala. Economic and Political Weekly, 55(21), 35–40.
Kadam, A. B., & Atre, S. R. (2020). Negative impact of social media panic during the COVID-19 outbreak in India. Journal of Travel Medicine, 27(3), taaa057. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa057
Kaveri Krishna, K., Kumar, M., Bala, R., & Sonia Devi, C. (2021). Awareness of COVID-19 in India: A Survey. In Covid Crisis: Social Science Perspectives (pp. 244-254.). ABS Books India.
Kaya, T. (2020). The changes in the effects of social media use of Cypriots due to COVID-19 pandemic. Technology in Society, 63, 101380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101380
Kebede, Y., Yitayih, Y., Birhanu, Z., Mekonen, S., & Ambelu, A. (2020). Knowledge, perceptions and preventive practices towards COVID-19 early in the outbreak among Jimma university medical center visitors, Southwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233744
Kumar, M., & Bala, R. (2018). Innovative Socio-Economic Trends in BFM Health Care and Health Insurance in India: A Review Based Study. In Innovative Socio- Economic Trends in BFM (Banking, Finance & Management) (pp. 118–129). Nitya Publication.
Kumar, M., & Renu, B. (2019). Health Care and Health Insurance In India: A Review Based Study. In Innovative Socio- Economic Trends in BFM (Banking, Finance & Management) (pp. 118–129). Nitya Publication.
Li, T., Liu, Y., Li, M., Qian, X., & Dai, S. Y. (2020). Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study. PLOS ONE, 15(8), e0237691. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237691
Lin, C. Y., Imani, V., Majd, N. R., Ghasemi, Z., Griffiths, M. D., Hamilton, K., Hagger, M. S., & Pakpour, A. H. (2020). Using an integrated social cognition model to predict COVID-19 preventive behaviours. British Journal of Health Psychology, 25(4), 981–1005. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12465
Liu, X., Luo, W. T., Li, Y., Li, C. N., Hong, Z. S., Chen, H. L., Xiao, F., & Xia, J. Y. (2020). Psychological status and behavior changes of the public during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00678-3
Matias, T., Dominski, F. H., & Marks, D. F. (2020). Human needs in COVID-19 isolation. Journal of Health Psychology, 25(7), 871–882. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320925149
MoHFW-GoI. (2020). Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Website.
Munnoli, P. M., Nabapure, S., & Yeshavanth, G. (2020). Post-COVID-19 precautions based on lessons learned from past pandemics: A review. Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01371-3
Paital, B., Das, K., & Parida, S. K. (2020). Inter nation social lockdown versus medical care against COVID-19, a mild environmental insight with special reference to India. Science of the Total Environment, 728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138914
Paudyal, V., Sun, S., Hussain, R., Abutaleb, M. H., & Hedima, E. W. (2021). Complementary and alternative medicines use in COVID-19: A global perspective on practice, policy and research. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, S1551741121001704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.05.004
Prasad Singh, J., Sewda, A., & Shiv, D. G. (2020). Assessing the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Students Regarding the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Health Management, 22(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063420935669
Pushpangadan, P., Sharma, J., & Kaur, J. (1987). Environmental health and hygiene in ancient India: An appraisal. Ancient Science of Life, 7(1), 1–5.
Rai, R. K., Khajanchi, S., Tiwari, P. K., Venturino, E., & Misra, A. K. (2021). Impact of social media advertisements on the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12190-021-01507-y
Ssebuufu, R., Sikakulya, F. K., Binezero, S. M., Wasingya, L., Nganza, S. K., Ibrahim, B., & Kyamanywa, P. (2020). Awareness, knowledge, attitude and practice towards measures for prevention of the spread of COVID-19 in the Ugandans: A nationwide online cross-sectional Survey. In MedRxiv. Public and Global Health. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.05.20092247
Sumalatha, B. S., Bhat, L. D., & Chitra, K. P. (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on Informal Sector: A Study of Women Domestic Workers in India. The Indian Economic Journal, 69(3), 441–461. https://doi.org/10.1177/00194662211023845
Teti, M., Schatz, E., & Liebenberg, L. (2020). Methods in the Time of COVID-19: The Vital Role of Qualitative Inquiries. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 160940692092096. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920920962
Varshney, M., Parel, J. T., Raizada, N., & Sarin, S. K. (2020). Initial psychological impact of COVID-19 and its correlates in Indian Community: An online (FEEL-COVID) survey. PLoS ONE, 15(5), e0233874. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233874
Wong, L. P., & Sam, I.-C. (2010). Public Sources of Information and Information Needs for Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1). Journal of Community Health, 35(6), 676–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-010-9271-4
World Health Organisation. (2020a). Infection prevention and control during health care when coronavirus disease (‎COVID-19)‎ is suspected or confirmed.
World Health Organisation. (2020b). Infection prevention and control during health care when COVID-19 is suspected.
World Health Organisation. (2020c). Photo Story, Newsroom. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/news-room/photo-story/photo-story-detail/self-care-during-covid-19
Yousaf, M. A., Noreen, M., Saleem, T., & Yousaf, I. (2020). A Cross-Sectional Survey of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) Toward Pandemic COVID-19 Among the General Population of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Social Work in Public Health, 35(7), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918.2020.1806983
Zeng, N., Li, Z., Ng, S., Chen, D., & Zhou, H. (2020). Epidemiology reveals mask wearing by the public is crucial for COVID-19 control. Medicine in Microecology, 4, 100015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmic.2020.100015
Zhang, K., Vilches, T. N., Tariq, M., Galvani, A. P., & Moghadas, S. M. (2020). The impact of mask-wearing and shelter-in-place on COVID-19 outbreaks in the United States. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 101, 334–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.002
Published
2022-09-08
Section
Research Article
Copyright (c) 2022 Renu Bala, Manoj Kumar, Satyanarayan Kishan Kothe, Surendra Kumar Sagar, Chanam Sonia Devi, K. Kaveri Krishna, Kapil Kaushik
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
